/* Seen It Coming — styles */
:root {
  --paper: #F2F4F1;
  --paper-2: #E7EBE6;
  --ink: #14213D;
  --ink-2: #2B3650;
  --muted: #58616B;
  --rule: #C8CFC9;
  --fore: #B86E0A;      /* Foreshock amber, darkened for text contrast */
  --fore-line: #D98A1C;
  --after: #2F6690;     /* Aftershock steel blue */
  --after-line: #2F6690;
  --focus: #2F6690;
  --sans: "Schibsted Grotesk", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif;
  --serif: "Newsreader", Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
  --read: 40rem;
  --wide: 72rem;
  color-scheme: light;
}
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  :root {
    --paper: #10182B;
    --paper-2: #18223A;
    --ink: #E8ECE7;
    --ink-2: #C9D0CB;
    --muted: #9AA3AD;
    --rule: #2E3A55;
    --fore: #F0A940;
    --fore-line: #F0A940;
    --after: #7FB2D9;
    --after-line: #7FB2D9;
    --focus: #7FB2D9;
    color-scheme: dark;
  }
}

*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; }
body {
  margin: 0;
  background: var(--paper);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 1.125rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  font-optical-sizing: auto;
}
a { color: inherit; }
a:focus-visible, button:focus-visible { outline: 3px solid var(--focus); outline-offset: 3px; border-radius: 2px; }
img, svg { display: block; max-width: 100%; }

.skip { position: absolute; left: -999px; top: 0; background: var(--ink); color: var(--paper); padding: .5rem 1rem; font-family: var(--sans); z-index: 10; }
.skip:focus { left: 1rem; top: 1rem; }

.wrap { max-width: var(--wide); margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 1rem; }
.wrap-read { max-width: calc(var(--read) + 2rem); margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 1rem; }
.nowrap { white-space: nowrap; }

/* ---------- header ---------- */
.site-head { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); font-family: var(--sans); }
.head-row { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 1rem; min-height: 4rem; flex-wrap: wrap; padding-block: .5rem; }
.wordmark { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: .6rem; text-decoration: none; font-weight: 800; font-size: 1.15rem; letter-spacing: -0.01em; }
.mark { width: 2.6rem; height: 1.56rem; color: var(--ink); overflow: visible; }
nav.main-nav { display: flex; gap: 1.25rem; }
nav.main-nav a { text-decoration: none; font-weight: 500; font-size: .95rem; color: var(--ink-2); padding-block: .25rem; border-bottom: 2px solid transparent; }
nav.main-nav a:hover { border-bottom-color: currentColor; }

/* ---------- traces ---------- */
.trace { width: 100%; height: auto; overflow: visible; }
.trace-base { stroke: var(--rule); stroke-width: 1; vector-effect: non-scaling-stroke; }
.trace-line { fill: none; stroke-width: 1.6; vector-effect: non-scaling-stroke; stroke-linejoin: round; }
.trace-foreshock .trace-line { stroke: var(--fore-line); }
.trace-aftershock .trace-line { stroke: var(--after-line); }

/* ---------- hero ---------- */
.hero { padding: 3.5rem 0 0; }
.hero-title {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-weight: 800;
  font-size: clamp(2.6rem, 8vw, 5.75rem);
  line-height: .95;
  letter-spacing: -0.035em;
  margin: 0;
  max-width: 14ch;
}
.hero-dek { font-size: 1.25rem; color: var(--ink-2); max-width: 34rem; margin: 1.25rem 0 0; }
.trace-hero { height: 7.5rem; margin-top: 1.5rem; }
.trace-hero .trace-line { stroke-width: 2; stroke: var(--ink); stroke-dasharray: 1; stroke-dashoffset: 1; animation: draw 2.6s cubic-bezier(.6,.05,.3,1) .2s forwards; }
@keyframes draw { to { stroke-dashoffset: 0; } }
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) { .trace-hero .trace-line { animation: none; stroke-dashoffset: 0; } }

/* ---------- article rows ---------- */
.row { border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.row-link { display: block; text-decoration: none; padding: 1.25rem 0 1.5rem; }
.row-link:hover .row-title { text-decoration: underline; text-decoration-thickness: 2px; text-underline-offset: 4px; }
.trace-row { height: 2.25rem; margin-bottom: .75rem; }
.row-meta { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .35rem 1rem; font-family: var(--sans); font-size: .85rem; color: var(--muted); margin: 0 0 .4rem; }
.series-tag { font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; }
.tag-foreshock { color: var(--fore); }
.tag-aftershock { color: var(--after); }
.row-title { font-family: var(--sans); font-weight: 700; font-size: 1.35rem; line-height: 1.2; letter-spacing: -0.015em; margin: 0; }
.row-dek { color: var(--ink-2); margin: .5rem 0 0; font-size: 1.05rem; }

.lead { margin-top: 1rem; }
.lead .row { border-top: 0; }
.row-lead .trace-row { height: 4rem; }
.row-lead .row-title { font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 4.2vw, 2.8rem); line-height: 1.08; letter-spacing: -0.025em; max-width: 22ch; }
.row-lead .row-dek { font-size: 1.2rem; max-width: 38rem; }

.cols { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 2.5rem; margin: 3rem 0 4rem; }
@media (min-width: 52rem) { .cols { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 4rem; } }
.col-head { padding-bottom: 1rem; border-bottom: 3px solid var(--ink); }
.col-head h2 { font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 1.6rem; letter-spacing: -0.02em; margin: 0; }
.col-head h2 a { text-decoration: none; }
.col-head p { margin: .3rem 0 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: 1rem; }
.col .row:first-of-type { border-top: 0; }
.empty { color: var(--muted); font-style: italic; padding: 1.25rem 0; }

/* ---------- series pages ---------- */
.series-head { padding: 3rem 0 1.5rem; border-bottom: 3px solid var(--ink); }
.series-head h1 { font-family: var(--sans); font-weight: 800; font-size: clamp(2.4rem, 7vw, 4.5rem); letter-spacing: -0.035em; line-height: 1; margin: 1rem 0 .5rem; }
.series-head p { max-width: 36rem; color: var(--ink-2); margin: 0; }
.trace-series { height: 4.5rem; }
.series-list { max-width: 48rem; margin-bottom: 4rem; }
.series-list .row:first-child { border-top: 0; }

/* ---------- article ---------- */
.article-head { padding-top: 3rem; }
.article-head h1 {
  font-family: var(--sans); font-weight: 800;
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 6vw, 3.4rem); line-height: 1.04; letter-spacing: -0.03em;
  margin: .6rem 0 0;
}
.dek { font-size: 1.3rem; line-height: 1.45; color: var(--ink-2); margin: 1rem 0 0; }
.mag { margin: 2rem 0 0; padding: 0 0 1.25rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.trace-article { height: 5rem; }
.mag figcaption { font-family: var(--sans); font-size: .9rem; color: var(--muted); margin-top: .6rem; line-height: 1.45; }
.mag figcaption strong { color: var(--ink); }

.takeaways { margin: 2rem 0; padding: 1.25rem 1.25rem 1rem; background: var(--paper-2); border-left: 4px solid var(--ink); }
.article-foreshock .takeaways { border-left-color: var(--fore-line); }
.article-aftershock .takeaways { border-left-color: var(--after-line); }
.takeaways h2 { font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 1rem; margin: 0 0 .5rem; }
.takeaways ul { margin: 0; padding-left: 1.2rem; }
.takeaways li { margin-bottom: .45rem; font-size: 1.05rem; }

.toc { font-family: var(--sans); font-size: .95rem; margin: 0 0 2rem; }
.toc p { font-weight: 700; margin: 0 0 .4rem; }
.toc ol { margin: 0; padding-left: 1.3rem; color: var(--muted); }
.toc li { margin-bottom: .2rem; }
.toc a { color: var(--ink-2); }

.prose { font-size: 1.2rem; line-height: 1.68; }
.prose p { margin: 0 0 1.15em; }
.prose h2 { font-family: var(--sans); font-weight: 700; font-size: 1.6rem; line-height: 1.2; letter-spacing: -0.02em; margin: 2.4rem 0 .8rem; scroll-margin-top: 1rem; }
.prose h3 { font-family: var(--sans); font-weight: 700; font-size: 1.2rem; margin: 1.8rem 0 .5rem; }
.prose a { text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-underline-offset: 3px; }
.prose ul, .prose ol { padding-left: 1.3rem; margin: 0 0 1.15em; }
.prose li { margin-bottom: .4em; }
.prose blockquote { margin: 1.5rem 0; padding-left: 1.1rem; border-left: 3px solid var(--rule); color: var(--ink-2); font-style: italic; }
.prose hr { border: 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); margin: 2.5rem 0; }
.prose code { font-size: .9em; background: var(--paper-2); padding: .1em .3em; border-radius: 3px; }
.callout { margin: 1.75rem 0; padding: 1rem 1.2rem; background: var(--paper-2); border-radius: 4px; font-size: 1.08rem; }
.callout p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
.callout-title { font-family: var(--sans); font-weight: 700; font-size: .95rem; margin-bottom: .35rem !important; }
.table-wrap { overflow-x: auto; margin: 1.5rem 0; }
table { border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-family: var(--sans); font-size: .95rem; font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
th, td { text-align: left; padding: .55rem .75rem .55rem 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); vertical-align: top; }
th { font-weight: 700; border-bottom: 2px solid var(--ink); }

.sources { margin-top: 3rem; padding-top: 1.5rem; border-top: 3px solid var(--ink); font-family: var(--sans); font-size: .9rem; }
.sources h2 { font-size: 1.1rem; margin: 0 0 .75rem; }
.sources ol { padding-left: 1.4rem; color: var(--muted); }
.sources li { margin-bottom: .4rem; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
.sources a { color: var(--ink-2); }
.disclaimer { font-family: var(--sans); font-size: .85rem; color: var(--muted); margin: 2rem 0 0; line-height: 1.5; }

.related { margin-top: 4rem; margin-bottom: 4rem; }
.related h2 { font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 1.3rem; padding-bottom: .75rem; border-bottom: 3px solid var(--ink); margin: 0; }
.related-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 0 2.5rem; }
@media (min-width: 52rem) { .related-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); } .related-grid .row { border-top: 0; } }
.related-grid .row:first-child { border-top: 0; }

/* ---------- about / footer ---------- */
.about { padding: 3rem 1rem 4rem; }
.about h1 { font-family: var(--sans); font-weight: 800; font-size: clamp(2rem, 6vw, 3.2rem); letter-spacing: -0.03em; line-height: 1.05; margin: 0 0 1.5rem; }
.site-foot { border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); font-family: var(--sans); font-size: .9rem; color: var(--muted); padding: 2rem 0 3rem; }
.foot-grid { display: grid; gap: .5rem; }
.foot-grid p { margin: 0; }
.foot-grid a { margin-right: 1rem; }
.foot-name { font-weight: 800; color: var(--ink); }

@media (max-width: 30rem) {
  body { font-size: 1.0625rem; }
  .prose { font-size: 1.125rem; }
  .hero { padding-top: 2.25rem; }
  nav.main-nav { gap: 1rem; }
}

/* topics */
.tags { font-family: var(--sans); margin-top: 2.5rem; }
.tags p { font-weight: 700; font-size: .95rem; margin: 0 0 .5rem; }
.tags ul { list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .5rem; }
.tags a { display: inline-block; padding: .3rem .7rem; border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: 999px; font-size: .9rem; text-decoration: none; color: var(--ink-2); }
.tags a:hover { border-color: var(--ink); color: var(--ink); }
.topic-index { list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 1.5rem 0 4rem; max-width: 48rem; font-family: var(--sans); }
.topic-index li { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); padding: .8rem 0; font-size: 1.1rem; }
.topic-index a { font-weight: 600; text-decoration: none; }
.topic-index a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.topic-index span { color: var(--muted); }

/* languages */
.head-right { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 1.25rem; }
.lang-switch { position: relative; }
.lang-switch summary { list-style: none; cursor: pointer; font-weight: 700; font-size: .85rem; letter-spacing: .02em; padding: .3rem .55rem; border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: 6px; color: var(--ink-2); }
.lang-switch summary::-webkit-details-marker { display: none; }
.lang-switch summary::after { content: ""; display: inline-block; margin-left: .4rem; border: 4px solid transparent; border-top-color: currentColor; transform: translateY(2px); }
.lang-switch[open] summary, .lang-switch summary:hover { border-color: var(--ink); color: var(--ink); }
.lang-switch summary:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--ink); outline-offset: 2px; }
.lang-switch ul { position: absolute; right: 0; top: calc(100% + .4rem); z-index: 20; list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: .35rem 0; min-width: 10rem; background: var(--paper); border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: 8px; box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(20, 33, 61, .14); }
.lang-switch a { display: block; padding: .45rem .9rem; text-decoration: none; font-size: .95rem; color: var(--ink-2); }
.lang-switch a:hover { background: var(--paper-2); color: var(--ink); }
.lang-switch a[aria-current] { font-weight: 700; color: var(--ink); }
.foot-langs a[aria-current] { font-weight: 700; color: var(--ink); text-decoration: none; }
.translated-note { font-family: var(--sans); font-size: .88rem; color: var(--muted); margin: 1.5rem 0 0; padding: .6rem .85rem; border: 1px dashed var(--rule); border-radius: 6px; }
@media (max-width: 30rem) { .head-right { gap: .9rem; } }
.lang-badge { font-size: .72rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .04em; padding: .05rem .4rem; border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: 4px; color: var(--muted); }